Small-arm.



P. T. GODSAL.

SMALL ARM.

APPLICATION HLED Dc.31. 1914.

1,139,268. Patented m1111915.

5 SHEETS-SHEET l.

@gef fly/Q A fly e2 n 1HE NORRIS PETERS 60,. PHOTO-Lindo.. WASHING 10N,Dv f P. T. GODSAL.

SMALL ARM. APPLICATION FILED DEC. 3l, |914.

Patented lMay 11, 1915.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

THE NORRIS PETERS CO. PHOTO-LITHL'L. WASHINGTON. D. Q

PI T. GonsAL.

ASMALL ARM. APPLICATION FILED DEC.3I| I9l4.

1,139,268. Patent/ed Mny11,1915.

P. T. GODSAL.

SMALL ARM.

APPLlcATloN FILED Dc.3l. 1914.

Patented May 11, 1915.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

THE NORRIS PETERS C0.. FHoT-LITHD., WASHINGTON. Dv C P. T. GODSAL.

SMALL ARM.

APPLICATION FILED Dsc. aI. |914.

1,139,268. Patented May 11, 1915.`

5 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

`IHE NDRRIS PETERS CD.. PHOTGLITHO., WASHINGTON. D, CA

FFIQE.

PHILIP THOMAS GonsAL, or IsooYn PARK, COUNTY or FLINT, NEAR WHITCHURCH,

l ENGLAND.

SMALL-ARM.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 11, 1915.

T0 all whom it may concern.'

Be it known that I, PHILIP THOMAS GoD- SAL, a subject of the King ofGreat Britain, and resident of Iscoyd Park, Flintshire, nearI/Vhitchurch, in the county of Shropshire, England, gentleman, haveinvented a new and useful Improvement in Small- Arms, of which thefollowing is a specification.

This invention relates to the block-bolt principle of magazine-rifleaction in connection with which I have previously obtained Britishpatents beginning with N o. 22003 of 1902. Hitherto part of themechanism has been contained in the bolt while other parts coperatingtherewith have been mounted on the body or stationary part of the rifle.

In the arrangement which forms the subject of the present applicationall the mechanism is contained in the bolt and can be taken olftherewith leaving behind on or in the body of the fire arm only thebolt-stop, the ejector and the trigger, if a trigger is used, besidesthe magazine, the barrel or other non-movable or stationary parts of therifle.

In carrying out my invention I, mount in the bolt carrier a hammer, acam for cocking the same when the bolt lever is turned and a scar forretaining the hammer in its cocked position, a main spring in thecarrier is also provided.

In the accompanying drawings Figure l is a side view of a bolt and theparts with which it is associated constituting, the arrangement whichforms the subject of the present application the riie being cocked andready for discharge. Figs. 2 and 3 are side views of a portion of Fig. lshowing the parts in different positions'viz: immediately after firingand immediately after cocking. Fig. 4 is a section on line A-A of Fig. 1showing the cam for camming back the hammer. Fig. 5 is a detached sideview of the block i. c. the rotatable or locking portion of the bolt,with a rearward eX- tension for supporting and rotating the hammer cam.Figs. 6 and 7 are back and side views of the said cam. Figs. 8 and 9 aretop view and side View of the bolt carrier stripped and Fig. 10 is afront end view thereof. Fig. 11 is an underside plan view of the uppertie of the carrier. Fig. 12 is a side view and Fig. 13 a front end view.Fig. 14 is a side view of the carrier and bolt when removed from thebody with means shown for holding the hammer-cam in cooking position.Fig. 15 shows the holding or locking means for the hammer-cam disengagedfrom the cam in the closed posi tion of the bolt. Fig. 16 is a view ofthe opposite side of the carrier and bolt in the closed position showingthe catch for holding the cam when the bolt is in this position. Fig. 17is a back view of the cam showin the catch last named. Figs. 14 to 17show an arrangement adapted to be operated by a thumb piece on the searinstead of by means of a trigger' as in Fig. l. Figs. 18 and 19 are planand side views of the scar. Figs. 20 and 21 are similar' views of thesear lever and Figs. 22 and 23 are similar views of the hammer. Fig. 24is a side view of the extractor. A modified form of my invention isshown in Figs. 25-34. Fig. 25 is a side elevation somewhat similar toFig. 1 without a trigger. Fig. 26 is a side elevation of the boltwithdrawn, the hammer being in the cocked position. Fig. 27 is an endView of the block and lever detached. Fig. 28 is a side view of theblock and lever detached. Fig. 29 is a plan View of the block with leverremoved. Fig. 30 is a front view of the block. Fig. 31 is a plan View ofthe bolt slide and breech end of the riiie showing bolt-stop, ejector,lever-lock and antifriction wheel for facilitating cartridge extraction.Fig. 32 is a plan view illustrating the ejector in its acting position.

Fig. 33 is a side elevation of bolt slide showing the ejector and Fig.34 is a sectional end view of bolt slide with bolt in position.

Referring to Figs. 1-24 a is the bolt carrier adapted to slide in guidesin the body c is a non-rotatable bolt-head which is locked into thebreech d by means of the lugs e on the rotatable block f. These featuresare to be found in my previous constructions. According to my presentimprovements the rotatable block f (seen separate at Fig'. 5) isrearwardly extended through a cylindrical socket g, with a key-way init, in the carrier a which is now made without the cylinder forcontaining a striker as in my previous constructions. The block f hasthe usual lever t and locking lugs e and at the rear of its extension isa key c' preferably placed on the upper right-hand quadrant of itsperiphery. On to the rear end of the said extension beyond thecylindrical socket g of the carrier lits a cam piece 7@ so that the 'thebolt head to the carrier.

rotation imparted to the block f is also imparted by the said key Z tothe cam piece l@ which is capable of turning in a curved recess in thefloor of the carrier. The cam piece 7c is shown detached in Figs. 6 and7. The office of the cam piece 7c is to cock the hammer Z which ispivoted to the upper tie lm, of the bolt, the upper tie being that partof the bolt which extends along the top from To each of these it isfixed by longitudinal tenons dropping into slots in each and heldtherein by trans versepins. Tt thus secures together the various partsand forms a case for the main spring and provides a pivot for thehammer. rlhe tie m is shown detached at Figs. 11, 12 and 13. n is a mainspring. The tail of the hammer Z over-lies the acting end of the mainspring a and cramps it when the hammer is raised into the position shownin Figs. 1, 3, 14, 15 and 16. The transverse pin which holds the reartenon of the upper tie in the carrier is preferably held in its placebyaY flat springattached to the carrier so The hammer hand an uprightspring w that it can be withdrawn by a thumb piece to strip the actionand snap back again into' its place without a screw being necessary. isheld in its cocked position by means of a sear o which is pivoted on thecarrier at p and engages with the hammer ,by means of its bent g. Thesear has an upward tendency imparted by means of a spring r shown indotted lines in Fig. 16. The safety catch u slides on the carrier andmay be advanced from the position shown at Fig. 1 until it overlies andrigidly retains depressed the tail of the lever s. lIn this position theenlarged end of the spring t engages in the nick o and retains thesafety catch in position until purposely released. Tt is desirable thatthe block should be held in the open position when it is out of thebreech and held shut when it is in the breech and the hammer-camprovides means by which these desiderata may be effected. A convenientarrangement which Irhave se lected for illustration comprises on the one(see Figs. 16 and 17) on the body the` bent top of which engages thedepression m on the cam when in the closed position and on theoppositesideV on the carrier is pivoted a lever y (Figs. 14: and 15).This lever y has an extension e adapted to engage in a nick in the frontof the cam Where the cam extends beyond the carrier when in openposition. The lever y has a backward tendency given to it by the springZ but on the bolt being advanced into the breech the curved side 2 ofthe breech tips up thelever y and withdraws the extension e from itsnick in the cam and allows the latter, together with the block 7, to beturned by the lever hi. By means of this arrangement the block is heldin the open position until the bolt has been thrust home into the breechand is automatically freed at the right moment. Other mechanism forlocking the hammer-cam may be provided if desired, the objectbeing toprevent any turning of the block /f by the lever hbefore the bolt isAthrust home into the breech. 3 is the cartridge extractor (see detachedin Fig. 24) pivoted in the carrier. 4 is the slot in the front end ofthe latter in which vthe extractor works. 5 isthe bolt stop. 6 is thefiring pin mounted in the block f and preferably provided with a cam 7,by means' Vof which it is withdrawn as the block v7 is rotated prior toopening the breech. 8 are claws at the front of the upper tie m whichserve as a holder for the cartridge clip while the cartridges are Ybeinginserted into the magazine. The fire-arm may be discharged either by atrigger (see Fig. 1) operating on a vertical rod 9 beneath the lever sso as to cause it to disengage the sear o, or the sear may be disengagedby being pressed directly on the knob 10 attached thereto. The mainspring a causes the hammer to fall on the end of the firing pin 6 whenthe sear is disengaged. It will be noticed that the weapon is cocked bythe lifting of the lever to unlock the bolt and not by the movement ofthe bolt in a forward direction as was the case in my earliermechanisms.

In the modification shown in Figs. 25-34 the parts are mostly the sameas above described but the lever h instead of being attached to theblock formed in one with the cam 7c. This permits of severalimprovements connected with the manufacture of the parts. instance theblock f can now be made of finer steel and is more easy to make thanwhen the lever Z1.` is attached toit and the lugs e can be madestronger, therefore the double locking grip may be dispensed with. Tohold the lever h and position shown in Fig. 25 a small spring plunger yin one of the cheeks of the breech and havcam locked in the 11 isprovided sliding in a recessV For ing a rounded projecting end to engagewith a depression in the the cheek on the opposite side will be seen inFigs. 31 and 34 a small antifriction whee or roller 14:. As the'front ofthe hammer cam 7c descends on the left where the lever L mer and retractit by means of the cam but front of the lever h. In'

this would necessitate greater length in the bolt and for many reasonsthe blow of a hammer is preferable to the blow of an endwise movablestriker. It is obvious that instead of the slide-ribs or guides being onthe body and the grooves in the carrier, this arrangement may bereversed, but in that case the ribs on the carrier should be near thebottom (see Fig. 34). In this arrangement it is necessary to have amovable ejector instead of the fixed one I have formerly employed. Thismovable ejector which is clearly shown in Figs. 31, 32 and 83, consistsof a thin piece of metal 12 pivoted on the body and rocked into positionat the proper time by a projection 13 on the carrier pressing the tailof the ejector outward at the right moment. The hammer and sear areshown without casing but a casing may be added without diliiculty ifthought desirable, but as all dust and dirt can be wiped ofi' by thehand or picked out with the point of a bullet it is probable that theopen action will be preferred.

I/Vhat I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the UnitedStates is 1. In a small arm breech mechanism constructed on the blockbolt principle above indicated a bolt carrier wherein are mounted so asto be movable therewith, a firing mechanism, a rotatable locking block,a rearward extension on the latter, a cam-piece fitting onto theextension and keyed thereto so as to rotate therewith, means forrotating the locking block and the cam-piece, whereby the unlocking ofthe bolt and the cocking of the iiring mechanism may be effectedsimultaneously, and a Sear for retaining the firing mechanism whencocked.

2. In a small arm breech mechanism constructed on the block boltprinciple above indicated a bolt carrier wherein are mounted so as to bemovable therewith, a tiring mechanism, a rotatable locking block arearward extension on the latter, a cam-piece for cocking the firingmechanism, fitting onto the extension and keyed thereto so as to rotatetherewith, a lever attached to the cam-piece for rotating the same andthe locking block, and a sear for retaining the firing mechanismsubstantially as described.

3. In a small arm breech mechanism constructed on the block boltprinciple above indicated a bolt carrier wherein are mounted so as to bemovable therewith, a ring mechanism comprising a pivoted hammer and afiring pin, a rotatable locking block, a rearward extension on thelatter, a campiece fitted onto the extension and keyed thereto so as torotate therewith, means for rotating the locking block and cam-piece soas to cock the hammer and a sear for keep- Copies of this patenty may beobtained for five cents each, by addressing the ing the hammer cockedsubstantially as described.

4. In a small arm breech mechanism constructed on the block boltprinciple above indicated wherein a bolt carrier is employed havingmounted therein, a firing mechanism, a rotatable locking block, acam-piece connected therewith for cooking the firing mechanism, a leverattached to the cam for rotating the same and the locking block, and asear for retaining cocked the firing mechanism, a retaining device forthe carnpiece consisting of a spring catch itted into the cheek of thebreech substantially as described.

5. In a small arm breech mechanism constructed on the block boltprinciple above indicated wherein a bolt carrier is employed havingmounted therein, a tiring mechanism, a rotatable locking block, acam-piece connected therewith for cooking the ring mechanism, means forrotating the locking block and the cam-piece and a sear for retainingthe firing mechanism, an antifriction wheel in the cheek of the breechfor the cam-piece to bear against to start the bolt block when rotatedsubstantially as described.

6. In a small arm breech mechanism constructed on the block boltprinciple above indicated wherein a bolt carrier is employed havingmounted therein, a firing mecha-- nism, a rotatable locking block, acam-piece connected therewith for cooking the firing mechanism, meansfor rotating the locking block and the cam-piece and a sear forretaining the firing mechanism, an ejector pivoted onto the body andactuated by a cam shaped projection on the carrier substantially asdescribed.

7 In a small arm breech mechanism constructed on the block boltprinciple above indicated wherein a bolt carrier is employed havingmounted therein, a firing mechanism, a rotatable locking block, acam-piece connected therewith for cocking the tiring mechanism, meansfor rotating the locking block and the cam-piece and a sear forretaining the firing mechanism, a rocking lever mounted on the carrierso as to engage the sear and trigger mechanism carried on the body andarranged so as to actuate the lever and the sear for discharging theweapon.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

PHILIP THOMAS GODSAL.

Vitnesses:

ALFRED S. BISHOP, ARTHUR D. DINSDALE.

Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, I). C.

